The percentage scores represent “how often is the network good enough” to support everyday tasks like browsing the internet, streaming videos, or making video calls, all without major slowdowns or disruptions.
To calculate these scores, several aspects of network performance are considered, including download throughput (min. 5Mbps), upload throughput (min. 1.5Mbps), and latency (max. 50ms). The thresholds used are based on the performance requirements of common mobile applications, particularly those that place higher demands on the network. The percentage score reflects how often test results meet these standards on 4G and 5G networks.
In other words, a higher score means that users are more likely to enjoy a smooth mobile experience when performing everyday tasks requiring internet connectivity. Cases where the network has weak or no signal or where the performance is low will reduce the percentage score.
The data shown on this map is collected from over 1 million mobile handsets in the UK running apps by Opensignal, an independent network analytics company. Opensignal specializes in measuring real-world mobile network experience, and their data is used by regulators, media, and the telecom industry worldwide.
The scores are based on data collected over a 12-month period, from May 1, 2024 to April 30, 2025. This long-term view helps ensure that the results are stable, reliable, and representative of typical network performance across different times, seasons, and conditions.
The data used in this map comes from millions of measurements gathered from a diverse set of iOS and Android smartphone users covering a wide range of demographics, device types and locations. The majority of measurements are generated through regularly scheduled periodic tests, executed independently on the background and at random intervals to capture the network experience at different moments in time.
Opensignal places a strong emphasis on privacy and transparency. All data is collected anonymously, with participants’ consent. No personally identifiable information is collected, and the data is strictly used in a depersonalized way to support research and reporting. Data is collected and processed in accordance with GDPR and other applicable regulations.
The data accurately reflects the average network quality of experience received by a range of mobile devices in each location over the last 12 months. The data shown on the map comes from real-world usage, collected anonymously from app users connected to 4G and 5G networks. This crowdsourced data is then used to calculate the average mobile network quality in each postal district.
To ensure reliability, district-level scores are displayed only when sufficient data is available to support confident results. If data for any of the four networks in a district is insufficient to determine confident results, scores for the broader postal area are shown instead for all network operators. In such cases, a note will appear below the score boxes to indicate the change in geographical granularity.
Although every effort is made to ensure the accuracy of the data, mobile network performance may still vary based on the user's specific location, device, and time of day. The map provides a strong general overview, but individual experiences can differ.
The map shows the network quality of the four main mobile network operators in the UK: EE, Vodafone, O2 and Three. All other mobile operators in the UK provide their services over these networks.
No, these maps do not represent mobile network coverage. Instead, they represent the average quality of network performance that users experience when connected to 4G and 5G networks across UK postal districts.
Coverage maps typically show where an estimated signal is available, but that doesn’t always reflect the real-world experience or where apps will “just work”. These maps show what is the likelihood that users will have a “good enough” experience to perform everyday tasks (i.e., “how often will it just work?”) – based on data from actual users using their phones in those districts. This includes factors like how fast the network is and how reliable the connection feels during everyday use.
So while a coverage map might tell users that a signal likely exists, this map helps users understand how usable and consistent that signal is in real life.
You can explore the map by zooming, panning, and selecting different postal districts to see how mobile networks perform in your area.
To begin, you can search for a postcode using the search bar at the top. Once you find your area, you can click on any district to view its mobile network scores. This will update the score boxes with detailed ratings for each mobile operator.
If you want to compare more than one area, use the “Advanced mode” button to turn on multi-selection mode. In this mode, each district you select (up to 5) will be highlighted and included in the comparison, with the score boxes showing their average scores. When in this mode you can also access the selected districts’ scores breakdown by clicking on “Result table” to access the individual scores.
You can toggle the “Show selected locations” layer to highlight the areas you’ve chosen, or select any of the four operators’ layers to visualize their individual networks’ quality across the UK.
The map covers the entire United Kingdom, with data displayed at the postal district level – these are the first part of UK postcodes, such as "SW1" or "B23".
To make the map load quickly and work smoothly, the visual layers have been slightly simplified. This means that in some areas, especially around coastlines and islands, the map shapes might not look like they fully cover the land. However, the data itself includes the full UK landmass, and all network test results have been used to calculate the scores, even if some edges look trimmed on the map.
Opensignal used a recent and comprehensive postal district boundary dataset. However, a few very new or extremely small postal districts may not appear yet due to boundary update timing or limitations in the mapping data.
In short, the coverage is nationwide, and all valid readings have been included in the results – even if the visual borders appear slightly simplified in some places.
The map shows the average network quality based on real-world data collected from mobile app users. It reflects how well mobile networks perform when users are connected to 4G or 5G, focusing on factors like speed and latency – not overall coverage.
The data is collected from a wide range of locations and devices, with thresholds to ensure the results are statistically robust. However, it may not reflect every individual experience across a district.
Many factors can affect individual experience, such as indoor coverage, device type, or network congestion. Therefore, individual experience may vary even in areas with high average scores.